亚洲传统医药

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1. A review of phytochemistry and pharmacology perspectives of Clitoria ternatea L.

Dingding Zhang, Zhuoyang Cheng, Xiaoxiao Huang

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (3): 153-160.

摘要（542）

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Clitoria ternatea L., belonging to the family Fabaceae and subfamily Papilonaceae, is an herbaceous perennial legume valued for its medicinal importance. Pharmacological investigations on this plant have shown it has a variety of medicinal properties, including antibacterial activities, antitumor activities, antioxidant activities, memory enhancing activities, wound healing activities, antipyretic activities and antiasthmatic activities. However, there are few studies on the chemical constituents of C. ternatea. The present research reviewed the chemical constituents and biological activities of C. ternatea to provide references for further research on this plant.

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2. A review: The chemical components and pharmacological activities of Piper auritum Kunth

Jiayi Wang, Weiyu Zhou, Xiaoxiao Huang, Shaojiang Song

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (6): 374-384.

摘要（456）

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Piper auritum Kunth, a member of the Piperacea family, is a small shrub native to the Central American tropics. This plant was traditionally used in Latin American countries for the treatment of various medical conditions. Increase in the recent studies of P. auritum’s chemical components leads to the isolation of monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, phenylpropanoids and several other compounds. Previous research has revealed that these secondary metabolites have diverse pharmacological activities including antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-pathogeny microorganism and repellent activity. This review summarizes relevant findings on P. auritum, and hopes to contribute to the exploration of its potentials for further development as an alternative medicine.

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3. Quality assessment of Jinhongtang Granule using UFLC-MS/MS and multivariate statistical analysis

Fan Wu, Yu Zhang, Yanling Qiao, Ting Zhao, Baojing Zhang, Bangjiang Fang, Xiaokui Huo, Xiaochi Ma

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (4): 191-202.

摘要（398）

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Jinhongtang is a traditional Chinese medicine formula composed of Rheum palmatum L. stem, Sargentodoxa cuneata stem, and Taraxacum mongolicum and is used for the treatment of sepsis. However, quality assessment method for Jinhongtang is not available. In present study, we developed a UFLC-MS/MS method to determine 16 analytes in 20 batches of home-made and commercial Jinhongtang. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed the significant differences in the quality of home-made and commercial Jinhongtang and the difference in the quality of home-made samples was more significant. The integrated strategy based on UFLC-MS/MS and multivariate statistical analysis provided a new basis for the overall quality assessment of Jinhongtang.

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4. Mechanism of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil for analgesia based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry integrated network pharmacology

Nianyun Yang

亚洲传统医药 2023, 18 (3): 87-97.

摘要（361）

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This study aims to explore the analgesic ingredients and mechanism of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil (CCEO). The constituents in CCEO were characterized qualitatively by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Targets related to active ingredients were collected by PubChem and Swiss Target Prediction. Targets related to pain were screened by TTD and OMIM database, and compound-target network was established by Cytoscape software. Gene ontology (GO) function and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of targets were carried out by DAVID database. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established and analyzed by STRING database. Molecular docking method was used to verify the interaction between main components and relevant core targets. A total of 13 compounds were identified in CCEO, and 58 related targets were predicted. GO function enrichment analysis revealed that the selected targets were mainly involved in biological processes such as chemical synaptic transmission and molecular function such as neurotransmitter receptor activity; 24 signal pathways were screened by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, including neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling and calcium signaling pathway. Docking results showed that the main constituents had certain affinities with the key targets. The active ingredients in CCEO regulated multiple signaling pathways to ameliorate pain through AR, ACHE, ESR1, GABRG2, PTGS2 and PPARγ.

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5. Network pharmacology-based analysis on three amicoumacin-type isocoumarin compounds from an endophytic bacterium in Houttuynia cordata

Yiyao Lu, Yinjie Xiong, Mengyue Zhang, Yingying Wu, Jingjing Xu, Linyu Zhang, Xin Wu

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (5): 255-268.

摘要（353）

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Amicoumacin isocoumarin-type compounds are mainly derived from the secondary metabolites of Bacillus bacteria, and have potential biological activities such as antibacterial, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-ulcer. In our previous research, three amicoumacin-type isocoumarin compounds, Paenicoumacin A, Paenicoumacin B, and Paenicoumacin C (B and C are novel), were isolated from an endophytic bacterium in Houttuynia cordata. In this study, network pharmacology and bioinformatics techniques were used to analyze the potential activities of amicoumacin compounds in the treatment of liver cancer. These compounds were found to mainly regulate cellular oxidative stress, cancer process, nucleic acid metabolism, nutritional metabolism and other pathways. The findings provide useful information for subsequent experimental verification.

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6. Protective effect of 4-methyl-2-{[4-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-thiomorpholine-3-carbonyl]-amino}-pentanoic acid isopropyl ester against cerebral ischemia

Tinghui Zhang, Yihan Wang, Xin Li, Jinwei Dai, Quankun Zhuang, Xirui Song, Junhai Xiao, Lili Wang, Yuyang Zhang

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (3): 139-152.

摘要（342）

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To investigate the effects of 4-methyl-2-{[4-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-thiomorpholine-3-carbonyl]-amino}-pentanoic acid isopropyl ester (HD5-6) against cerebral ischemia in rodents, the models with global and focal ischemia were induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion plus hypotension (BCAOH) and permanent cerebral artery occlusion (p-MCAO) in mice (n = 10 – 12 per group in BCAOH; n = 8 per group in p-MCAO) and rats (n = 10 - 11 in each group). HD5-6 prolonged lifetime and improved neurological function. Neurological deficits score in HD5-6 (30 mg/kg) decreased significantly. Malonaldehyde (MDA) in HD5-6-treated mice with ischemia considerably dropped. The infarction volume of the HD5-6-treated rats with MCAO-induced ischemia decreased significantly in the high dose group (P < 0.05, i.g. and P < 0.01, i.v.). Immunohistochemistry showed that Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the ipsilateral hemisphere increased and Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) decreased with HD5-6 treatment. HD5-6 has protective effects against experimental cerebral ischemia in rodents and the action mechanism may involve anti-oxidation and neurogenesis.

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7. A network pharmacological study on the mechanism of Commiphora myrrha in the treatment of prostate cancer

Jiaoyang Hou, Guodong Yao

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (6): 329-350.

摘要（338）

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Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies of the male genitourinary system. Commiphora myrrha (CM) has the potential to treat PCa, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, this study uses the network pharmacology method to investigate the target of CM in the treatment of PCa and related signal pathways, and further analyze the theoretical basis and potential mechanism of its treatment with PCa. Methods: All the components and targets of CM were retrieved from Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). GeneCards andDisGeNET databases were used to collect PCa-related targets. String was used to build a target protein interaction network. The network of “active component-interaction target-related pathways” and protein-protein interaction network were constructed using Cytoscape, the functional enrichment analysis of GO and the enrichment analysis of KEGG pathway of CM in the treatment of PCa were performed using Metascape. Results: A total of 33 active ingredients including quercetin, β-sitosterol and ellagic acid were obtained, and 61 common targets of CM for PCa were obtained by screening intersection. The most frequent occurrences were AKT1, TP53, JUN, VEGFA, etc. These targets were mainly involved in biological processes, such as apoptotic signaling pathway, response to growth factor, and reactive oxygen species metabolic process, and were mainly concentrated in PI3K-Akt, MAPK and other signaling pathways. Conclusion: This study revealed the effective ingredients, potential targets and mechanism of action of CM in the treatment of PCa, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and reference for subsequent experimental studies.

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8. Microbial transformation for Region-selective Hydroxylation of Z-Butylidenephthalide by Aspergillus niger CGMCC 3.739

Jian Zou, Yongheng Wang, Zhengqun Zhou, Rongrong He, Xinsheng Yao, Hao Gao

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (4): 203-209.

摘要（338）

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Microbial transformation is a useful tool for structure modification of active natural products. Z-Butylidenephthalide is the main active constituent of Angelica sinensis. In the present work, a pair of new oxidized metabolites, namely (–) (11R)-(Z)-11-hydroxybutylidenephthalide (1a) and (+) (11S)-(Z)-11-hydroxy-butylidenephthalide (1b), were obtained from microbial transformation for region-selective 11-hydroxylation of Z-butylidenephthalide by Aspergillus niger CGMCC 3.739. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were elucidated by extensive analysis of HR-ESI-MS, NMR spectra, and the modified Mosher’s method. This is the first study on the microbial transformation of Z-butylidenephthalide, and these findings offer a tool for region-selective 11-hydroxylation of Z-butylidenephthalide.

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9. Research progress on the main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Piper betle L.

Zhiyong Xu, Yufei Xi, Xiaoxiao Huang, Shaojiang Song

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (5): 294-308.

摘要（335）

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The Piper betle, belonging to Piper genus of the Piperaceae family, is an evergreen and perennial creeper used in several traditional medicines. This plant has been known to possess antioxidant, antitumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antimalarial activities. A wide range of chemical compounds including alkaloids, simple phenylpropanoids, lignans, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, sesquiterpenes, monoterpenes have been isolated from this plant. The present review summarized the information concerning phytochemistry and biological activity of P. betle, providing references for the future research of this plant.

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10. Research progress on flavonoids from the roots of Sophora flavescens Alt. and their biological activities

Guoqing Long†, Jue Wang†, Dongyu Min, Yang Xu, Jingming Jia, Anhua Wang

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (6): 385-397.

摘要（324）

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Sophora flavescens Alt., a perennial herb of Sophora in Leguminosae family, was widely distributed in the north and south of China. Its root is utilized as a traditional Chinese medicine to clear heat, drain dampness, kill insect and promote urination by virtue of bitter and cold. Its chemical components are complex and diverse, mainly including alkaloids and flavonoids. Modern pharmacological studies have found that prenylflavonoids and quinolicidine alkaloids are the characteristic chemical constituents and the main active ingredients, with anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, and other various biological activities. This study reviewed the chemical constituents of S. flavescens and the pharmacological effects of flavonoids in it in order to provide reference for further development.

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11. Exploring the anti-hepatoma effect and potential targets of the active components from Gentiana rhodantha Franch ex Hemsl

Dingding Zhang, Zhuoyang Cheng, Xiaoxiao Huang

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (6): 367-373.

摘要（314）

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The screening of lead compounds in plants is an important way to develop new drugs. Gentiana rhodantha Franch ex Hemsl, belonging to genus Gentiana of Gentianaceae family, has the functions of clearing heat and drying dampness, detoxifying and purging fire, relieving cough and so on. Previous studies have shown that many compounds in G. rhodantha have antitumor activities, but the mechanism is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-hepatoma activity of the compounds in G. rhodantha by using the knowledge of network pharmacology. A compound-cancer target network with 57 candidate molecules and 38 potential targets was constructed. Analysis of the models showed that the most effective compound in this plant might be compound 47 (rhyncoside D) ether, and the most potential target might be GMP synthase (2vxo). We believe that the present study can provide important clues for the study of anti-hepatoma activity.

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12. Research review on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Viburnum opulus

Defeng Liu, Ming Bai, Peng Zhao, Xiaoxiao Huang

亚洲传统医药 2022, 17 (2): 65-71.

摘要（312）

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Viburnum opulus, belonging to Viburnum of Caprifoliaceae family, is commonly used as a Chinese herbal medicine. Many chemical constituents have been isolated from V. opulus, including flavonoids, flavone glycosides, volatile oils and terpenoids. It has antioxidant, antibacterial, antispasmodic, and anticancer effects. V. opulus, with a variety of chemical constituents and remarkable activities, has attracted wide attention. Hence, this report is presented as a review centered on the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of V. opulus, in order to provide reference for further research and development of Viburnum opulus.

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13. A network pharmacology-based study on the anti-hepatoma effect of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex

Qiulin Yan, Guodong Yao

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (5): 276-293.

摘要（306）

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Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex (PCC) has been used for the treatment of human hepatocellular carcinoma, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, 15 active compositions of PCC were obtained from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP), and 505 putative identified targets of PCC were screened by Swiss Target Prediction server. Next, HCC data was downloaded from Drugbank and GeneCards databases. Furtherly, 45 common targets were revealed. The network diagrams of the active component-target network, protein protein interaction (PPI) network and active component-target-pathway network were constructed using Cytoscape software. The analysis of the network results showed that the active ingredients of PCC, such as berberine, obacunone, rutaecarpine, candletoxin A, palmatine, isocorypalmine, quercetin, and (S)-Canadine, had a good binding activity with more targets. Additionally, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses revealed that common targets were significantly enriched in Ras signaling pathway, ErbB signaling pathway, and Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Altogether, the multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway characteristics of PCC provided a reference for the in-depth study of the mechanism of PCC in the treatment of HCC.

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14. Compounds from the flowers and fruits of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench

Sihui Mi, Rui Guo, Chuang Xie, Xiaoxiao Huang

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (5): 269-275.

摘要（292）

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The Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench was previously reported to have various phytochemicals. Chemical fractionation yielded from the ethanolic extract of the A. esculentus ten compounds, including four alkaloids (4-6, 8) and six phenolic acids (1-3, 7, 9-10). The structures of the compounds were elucidated through extensive spectra analyses and comparison of the experimental data with reported data. It is worth mentioning that compounds 1, 2 and 5-10 were isolated from Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) for the first time.

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15. Research progress on polysaccharide compositions of Dendrobium officinale

Lili Wang, Liu Bai

亚洲传统医药 2022, 17 (2): 72-83.

摘要（292）

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More and more attention has been paid to the polysaccharide components of Dendrobium officinale (D. officinale). They are rich in active components and have extensive pharmacological effects. This paper systematically summarized the extraction, separation, purification process, content determination, chemical compositions and pharmacological activities of D. officinale polysaccharides, which provided the basis for the preparation, quality control and further development and utilization of the

medicinal materials.

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16. Identification and quantitative estimation of Emodin in Rhei Emodi Wall. Rhizome and the relevant polyherbal ayurvedic formulation

Ajay Kumar Meena, R. Ilavarasan, Arjun Singh, Lavkush Sharma, Amit Dixit, N. Srikanth

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (6): 351-366.

摘要（289）

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The present study explored quality control of plant drug and polyherbal formulation using HPTLC and HPLC fingerprinting. The study combined qualitative analysis of Emodin and Rhein biomarker compound in Rhei Emodi Wall. rhizome extract and polyherbal formulation extract by HPTLC method with quantitative estimation of Emodin by HPLC method, aiming to help in accurate identification of Emodin and Rhein in plant materials, polyherbal formulations. This study also checked adulteration, with the purpose of improving bio-efficacy of ayurvedic formulation. All the samples showed characteristic peaks of Emodin at same retention time as that of standard Emodin. According to the HPTLC fingerprinting results, the Rf values of Rhein reference standard at 0.42 and Emodin at 0.62 were observed in test solution of Rhei emodi Wall. rhizome extract and polyherbal
formulation extract and both were found comparable. The quantitative evaluation of Emodin present in the polyherbal formulation and Rhei emodi Wall. rhizome extracts were 0.0177% and 0.3106% respectively.

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17. Research progress on chemical constituents in Sigesbeckiae Herba and their pharmacological activities

Meiya Lian, Xiaoxu Gao, Jingming Jia, Anhua Wang

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (3): 161-184.

摘要（288）

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Sigesbeckiae Herba, a dry whole plant of Sigesbeckia glabrescens Makino, Sigesbeckia pubescens Makino and Sigesbeckia orientalis L., is a traditional Chinese medicine used to dispel dampness, dredge meridians and collaterals, clear heat and detoxicate. Its chemical components are complex and abundant, including mainly diterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids and flavonoids. Among them, diterpenoids are the main active components. Modern pharmacological studies have found that the compounds isolated from Sigesbeckiae Herba have anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antithrombus and other pharmacological activities. This review systematically summarized the chemical components identified from Sigesbeckiae Herba and their pharmacological activities by searching Chinese and English databases, in order to provide references for the further development of Sigesbeckiae
Herba and the improvement of its quality standards.

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18. Colletodiphenol A, a new phenol derivative isolated from the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum capsici

Guiyang Xia, Yanbin Sun, Yuzhuo Wu, Huan Xia, Pengcheng Lin, Sheng Lin

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (4): 210-215.

摘要（287）

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A new C6-C2 dimer phenol derivative, colletodiphenol A (1), along with two known C6-C2 phenol derivatives (2,3) were isolated from the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum capsici related to the traditional Chinese medicine Paeonia lactiflora. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic data analysis, including HRESIMS, UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated, but none of them displayed significant activity.

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19. High performance thin layer chromatography as an effective tool for rapid screening of 5α-reductase inhibitors

Ruirong Zheng†, Mooseob Kim†, Zhengtao Wang, Li Yang

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (4): 216-224.

摘要（283）

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in men, and is known to be related to 5α-reductase, which can affect steroid metabolism. Under the promotion of 5α-reductase, testosterone can be converted into dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and excessive DHT will cause related diseases. Since BPH seriously affects the quality of life of patients, it is essential to discover effective 5α-reductase inhibitors. In this study, the simple analytical method of high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) was used to screen active compounds, and seven compounds with strong activity were screened out. This research will provide a reference for studying the material basis of drugs for the treatment of BPH.

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20. 2-Oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases in plants: biosynthesis, mechanism and evolution

Lin Ma, Yifeng Zhang, Wei Gao

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (4): 240-253.

摘要（280）

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2-Oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent dioxygenases (2-ODDs) are omnipresent iron-containing non-heme enzymes that catalyze various oxidation-reduction reactions in plant growth and development, nucleic acid modification and secondary metabolism. We systematically summarized recent research on the oxidative modifications of plant 2-ODDs and related enzymes, their vital importance in the biosynthesis of plant special metabolites, and their catalytic specificity/flexibility, and discussed the potential of 2-ODD as a new approach for the identification of pivotal genes and the elucidation of biosynthetic pathway.

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21. Chemical constituents and biological activities of Artemisiae argyi

Zhinan Leng, Yi’an Shi, Shuo Wang, Yunpeng Yang, Ji Wu, Yu Chen

亚洲传统医药 2023, 18 (3): 116-136.

摘要（274）

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Artemisiae argyi (A. argyi) is a traditional medical plant, with medicinal and economic value. It has been used to treat diseases for more than 2000 years, and its application has been expanded in recent years with the in-depth research on the chemical composition and pharmacology. It is mainly used clinically for the treatment of “cold pain in the abdomen, cold clotting in the menstrual channels, cold infertility in the uterus, fetal movement, vomiting blood, epistaxis, pus and blood dysentery, and external treatment of itchy skin” and other symptoms. This paper reviews the research on the biological activity and chemical composition of A. argyi by scholars in recent decades.

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22. Network pharmacology analysis of the mechanisms of Banxia Xiexin Decoction against Ulcerative Colitis

Shuang Xu, Tonghui Yu, Dan Yuan

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (3): 125-138.

摘要（273）

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Banxia Xiexin Decoction (BXXXD), a traditional herbal formula, has been used to treat ulcerative colitis (UC) clinically. In this study, chemical compounds and putative targets of BXXXD and UC related therapeutic targets were screened from multiple databases. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) was conducted using String database, and 31 candidate targets were screened from CytoNCA database. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and Metascape database were used for Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) channel and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis respectively, and the enrichment analysis results were visualized by OmicShare platform. Meanwhile, the interaction network among Chinese herbs, active compounds, candidate targets and pathways was built by Cytoscape 3.7.2 software, and
the potential compounds of BXXXD in the treatment of UC were screened. Finally, molecular docking technology was used to verify the putative key compounds. Combined with literature research, 5 key compounds for the treatment of UC were identified, which are mainly involved in TNF signaling pathway, cancer signaling pathway, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and NF-κB signaling pathway. This study provides a scientific basis for BXXXD as an effective alternative therapeutic agent for UC from a new perspective, and also provides a feasible method for basic chemical research and pharmacological research of BXXXD.

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23. Uncovering the mechanism of Scutellariae Radix in the treatment of breast cancer based on network pharmacology

Qian Li, Shaojiang Song

亚洲传统医药 2022, 17 (4): 143-160.

摘要（262）

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Breast cancer (BCa) is one of the most common malignant tumors that seriously affect women’s physical and mental health and even endanger their lives. Establishing a primary prevention program for BCa remains a challenge. Traditional Chinese medicine, Scutellariae Radix (SR), has been used to treat BCa while its pharmacological mechanism is still unclear. This study aims to reveal the pharmacological mechanism of SR in the treatment of BCa. Chemical constituents of SR were obtained and the targets of the compound were identified via Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP). GeneCards and DrugBank databases were used to collect BCa’s related target genes. Disease-compound common target protein interaction network was established by using the STRING database. The network diagrams of the active component action target and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed by Cytoscape software. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were carried out to further explore the BCa mechanism and therapeutic effect of SR. As a result, 121 active compounds were obtained. The Venn diagram results showed that SR and BCa had 57 intersection targets, the more frequently targeted ones are TP53, JUN, CCND1, AKT1, which could affect biological processes such as response to steroid hormone and positive regulation of cell death. KEGG analysis revealed that these targets were related to IL-17 signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. In conclusion, this study preliminarily verified the target and mode of action of SR in the treatment of BCa, laying a foundation for further research on its mechanism.

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24. A network pharmacology-based study on the effect of Periploca forrestii Schltr. on hepatocellular carcinoma

Shuang Qiu, Peng Zhao, Xiaoxiao Huang, Shaojiang Song

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (3): 115-124.

摘要（252）

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains the sixth most common malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Numerous Chinese herbs have been used to prevent and treat HCC. Periploca forrestii Schltr., belonging to the family of Asclepiadaceae, has been reported to have strong inhibitory efficacy against various types of cancer cells, but the mechanism is unclear. Hence, we utilized the compound-disease target network based on the network pharmacology analysis to find out the active ingredients from P. forrestii and the potential target proteins involved in hepatocellular carcinoma. The results showed that the most effective compounds in this plant might be caffeoylquinic acids and the most potential target might be GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing] (PDB: 2vxo). This study is of great significance to the further research of P. forrestii and provides a novel treatment strategy for HCC.

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25. Isolation and identification of chemical constituents from the vinegar-prepared Corydalis yanhusuo

Guiyang Xia, Dongjie Fang, Yuzhuo Wu, Huan Xia, Xinlan Yu, Sheng Lin, Hongcai Shang

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (4): 225-233.

摘要（248）

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Phytochemical investigation of the vinegar-prepared Corydalis yanhusuo led to the isolation of one aristolactam derivative, 1,2,8,9-tetramethoxy-5-methyldibenzo[cd,f]indol-4-(5H)-one (1), and seven aporphine alkaloids, including 2,9,10-trimethoxydibenz[de,g]quinolin-7-one (2), 1-hydroxy-2,9,10-trimethoxy-7H-dibenzo(de,g)quinoline-7-one (3), oxoglaucine (4), N-methyloxoglaucine trifluoroacetate trifluoroacetate (5), corunine acetate (6), pontevedrine (7), and oxoglaucidaline trifluoroacetate (8). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data analysis and comparison with the previous reports. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 were obtained as natural products for the first time, and their NMR data were unambiguously assigned. In addition, compound 1 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cells with an IC50 value of 16.0 ± 6.4 μM.

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26. Mechanism of Ginkgo biloba L. leaf in the treatment of ischemic stroke based on network pharmacology, bioinformatics and molecular docking

Hanxiao Shang, Fei Zhai, Ya Zeng, Yanjie Cao, Xiaohui Han, Rongwu Xiang, Jingyu Yang

亚洲传统医药 2022, 17 (6): 259-274.

摘要（244）

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Ginkgo biloba L. leaf (GBL) has been reported to protect against ischemic stroke (IS), one of the leading causes of death and long term disability worldwide, while there is a lack of systematic study on the exact mechanism. Here, network pharmacology and bioinformatics were used to predict the active components, important targets, and potential mechanisms of GBL in the treatment of IS. Active compounds of GBL were screened based on drug-like index and oral bioavailability, key target genes were screened based on network pharmacology and gene chip, downstream pathways for the regulation of key target genes were predicted based on gene set enrichment analysis, and the interaction between key targets and active compounds was verified based on molecular docking. The results showed that GBL played a protective role in cerebral ischemia with mainly 14 active compounds, such as isoquercitrin, luteolin-4’-glucoside, beta-sitosterol, campesterol, diosmetin, ginkgolide B, ginkgolide C, ginkgolide J, ginkgolide M, isogoycyrol, laricitrin, luteolin, sesamin, and stigmasterol. Further studies revealed that GBL played important role in immunomodulation and inflammation inhibition after cerebral ischemia by acting on its peripheral targets ARG1 and MMP9 to regulate Toll-like receptor, Chemokine and Notch signaling pathway. Meanwhile, GBL played important role in reducing neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier damage after cerebral ischemia by acting on its central targets, CCL2, PTGS2, IL6, IL1B and MMP9 to regulate the Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Jak-STAT, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. Additionally, molecular docking verified that the active compounds mentioned above could bind to ARG1, MMP9, CCL2, PTGS2, IL6, and IL1B. The present study shows the multicomponent, multitarget and multichannel pharmacological effects of GBL on cerebral ischemia and provides a new strategy for the treatment of IS.

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27. The main chemical constituents from Piper amalago: A review of its phytochemistry

Zhaojun Zhang, Zhikang Duan, Xiaoxiao Huang

亚洲传统医药 2023, 18 (3): 98-115.

摘要（237）

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Piper amalago (P. amalago) is a traditional medicine in Brazil for the treatment of leishmanial. Owing to its rare occurrence and potent pharmacological activities, efforts have been devoted to the identification of its diverse constituents, especially terpenoids. Researchers have found that the major constituents of P. amalago were amides, monoterpenes, norisoprenoids, sesquiterpenes, aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons. The amides show anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, antileishmanial and antinociceptive activity. This review summarizes the research progress of the structural diversity and pharmacological activities of P. amalago.

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28. Virtual screening of the active compounds and potential targets of Elephantopus tomentosus L. for the treatment of liver cancer based on a network pharmacology approach

Wei Xu, Ming Bai, Xiaoxiao Huang

亚洲传统医药 2022, 17 (3): 85-93.

摘要（234）

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Liver cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death. As the clinical treatment for this disease is not satisfactory, it is urgent to discover new medications to treat liver cancer. Elephantopus tomentosus L. is a traditional whole grass herb, which contains sesquiterpene lactones, triterpenoids, aldehyde caffeic with good anti-tumor effect. In this study, molecular docking and network analysis were carried out to identify the active compounds, and predict the potential targets of E. tomentosus for the treatment of liver cancer. These attempts may provide insights for finding novel lead compounds for the treatment of liver cancer.

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29. Research progress on the triterpenoids from the genus Schisandra and their biological activities

Yongcheng Yang, Luqi Liu, Zijun Tang, Min Chen, Jingming Jia, Anhua Wang

亚洲传统医药 2022, 17 (3): 116-136.

摘要（229）

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The plants of the genus Schisandra of the Schisandraceae family include the genus Schisandra and the genus Kadsura. In recent years, many kinds of triterpenoids have been isolated from the plants of genus Schisandra. Triterpenoids have attracted the attention of phytochemists and pharmacologists because they have novel skeletons and good anti-HIV, immunosuppressive and anti-tumor activities. This study provides an overview of the triterpenoids from the genus Schisandra and their biological activities.

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30. Research progress on chemical constituents in Sophora alopecuroides L. and their pharmacological activities

Bohan Yang†, Jing Wang†, Xiaoxu Gao, Jingming Jia, Anhua Wang

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (5): 309-322.

摘要（222）

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Sophora alopecuroides L., a perennial plant belonging to Leguminosae family, is used as medicinal materials to treat a variety of skin diseases. Its chemical components are complex and diverse, mainly including alkaloids and flavonoids. Modern pharma cological studies have found that the isolated compounds from S. alopecuroides have a variety of pharmacological activities. In particular, alkaloids represented by matrine, aloperine and oxymatrine have significant anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial and immunomodulatory activities. This paper summarized the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of S. alopecuroides, aiming to provide the basis for further research.

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31. Chemical composition and pharmacological activities of Polygonum cuspidatum

Yi’an Shi, Luming Pan, Jiayi Bi, Xuefei Yang, Jing Sun, Meng Zhang, Yu Chen

亚洲传统医药 2022, 17 (3): 108-115.

摘要（221）

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Polygonum cuspidatum is a traditional Chinese medicine, and its medicinal part is dry rhizome. It is mainly used to treat damp heat jaundice, burns, carbuncle, ulcer poisoning, amenorrhea, and snake bite. Recent studies have found that P. cuspidatum also contains active ingredients against coronaviruses. This paper reviews the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of P. cuspidatum, so as to provide a scientific basis for the development and utilization of P. cuspidatum resources in the future.

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32. Uncovering the mechanism of Sophora flavescens in the treatment of glioma based on network pharmacology

Jiaqi Niu, Qian Li, Jinling Jiang, Guodong Yao

亚洲传统医药 2022, 17 (5): 193-211.

摘要（218）

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Glioma is a common primary intracranial tumor with high mortality and postoperative recurrence. Developing efficient therapies with lower toxicity is urgently needed. Sophora flavescens (SF) is a common Chinese medicine used to treat eczema, wet ulcers and itchy skin. Modern pharmacological studies have showed that SF has anti-glioma effects, but the mechanism of action remains unclear. This study aims to reveal the pharmacological mechanism of SF in treating glioma. The active components and related targets of SF were obtained from TCMSP. Genecard and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) databases were used to explore the therapeutic targets for glioma. By making Venn diagram, we obtained 132 common targets of compounds and diseases. STRING databases and Cytoscape were used to construct diagrams of Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) networks. Through the construction of PPI network, potential targets with degree value greater than the median were taken as core targets
for further analysis. A total of 66 core targets were screened out. The degree values of TP53, HSP90AA1, MAPK1, and AKT1 were higher, indicating that these genes played important roles in this network. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were used to further discover the mechanism of active components in SF. Through enrichment analysis, it was found that the core targets were mainly enriched in PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, cell senescence related signaling pathway and IL-17 signaling pathway. In order to further explore the binding between active components and selected target, molecular docking was carried out. Finally, SwissADME was used to determine whether the compound could cross the blood-brain barrier. Based on network pharmacology, we speculated that matrine and formononetin in SF might inhibit PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and cellular senescence related signaling pathway by targeting AKT1, TP53,
MAPK1 and other key targets. In summary, this study preliminarily explored the target and mode of action of SF in the treatment of glioma, laying the foundation for further research on its mechanism.

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33. A review of research on the main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Daphne odora Thunb.

Ruoyu Jiang, Peng Zhao, Lili Lou

亚洲传统医药 2022, 17 (1): 25-31.

摘要（218）

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Plant of Daphne odora Thunb. has been used as medicinal plant since ancient times. In recent years, phytochemical studies have found that D. odora contains flavonoids, diflavonoids, coumarins, lignans, monoterpenes and other compounds, and shows extensive biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, neuroinhibition effects and so on. This article briefly reviews the recent research progress on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of D. odora at home and abroad.

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34. Network pharmacology-based virtual screening of active alkaloid ingredients from Piper nigrum L. and the potential targets against Parkinson’s disease

Ye Chang, Yuxi Wang, Xiaoxiao Huang, Shaojiang Song

亚洲传统医药 2021, 16 (4): 234-239.

摘要（214）

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. Despite a great deal of research on this disease, there is still no definitive treatment plan. Literature investigations have shown that Piper nigrum L. has a protective effect on the nerve center. Therefore, network pharmacology was used in this study to investigate the therapeutic potential of P. nigrum for PD. As a result, six active alkaloid ingredients and four potential targets were obtained. This study laid the foundation for finding the lead compounds from P. nigrum to treat PD.

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35. Network pharmacology-based virtual screening of the active volatile oil ingredients of Litsea lancilimba Merr. and their potential targets for treating liver cancer

Yijie Zhang, Ming Bai, Weiyu Zhou, Xiaoxiao Huang, Shaojiang Song

亚洲传统医药 2022, 17 (2): 47-50.

摘要（211）

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Liver cancer remains the dominant cause of cancer-related death, despite the advent of targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore novel chemotherapeutic agents and effective strategies against the cancer. There are a lot of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenoids in L. lancilimba. It has been reported that monoterpenes and sesquiterpenoids have certain anti-tumor effects. Literature investigation has also shown that Litsea lancilimba Merr. has antibacterial and antiviral effects. In this experiment, we used network pharmacology to screen the active compounds from L. lancilimba and their potential targets for treating liver cancer. Four active volatile oil ingredients and four potential targets have been identified. Our results provide the lead compound from L. lancilimba in the treatment of liver cancerv.

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36. Research review on the main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Levl.) Hutch.

Yunfei Ai, Shuhui Dong, Xiaoxiao Huang, Shaojiang Song

亚洲传统医药 2022, 17 (3): 94-107.

摘要（211）

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Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Levl.) Hutch. (THH), which belongs to Tripterygium genus of Celastraceae family, is widely used as the common Chinese herbal medicine. It has been reported that the chemical constituents of T. hypoglaucum include monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, sesquiterpene alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinone derivatives, et al. These compounds showed a wide range of bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, immunosuppressive, anti-HIV, anti-fertility and insecticidal activities. In this paper, we summarized the chemical
constituents and pharmacological activities of T. hypoglaucum to provide a reference for its further research and developement.

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37. A review: Panax ginseng diseases and the control techniques

Mo Yao, Liwen Chen, Luming Pan, Haonan Yu, Yuhang Liu, Miao Wang, Yu Chen

亚洲传统医药 2022, 17 (4): 186-191.

摘要（200）

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Panax ginseng (P. ginseng) is a famous traditional medical plant, with both the medical and economic value. In China, the cultivation of P. ginseng is a major agricultural activity. However, the yield and quality have declined in recent years due to various diseases. This review summarized the common diseases of P. ginseng and the controlling techniques, aiming to enhance the cultivation of P. ginseng and ensure the sustainable development of P. ginseng industry.

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38. Chemical components from Crotalaria pallida Ait. and their antioxidant activities

Shuai Shen, Ming Bai, Shaojiang Song

亚洲传统医药 2022, 17 (1): 1-8.

摘要（179）

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Nine compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of the dried seeds of Crotalaria pallida. The structures of all compounds were identified through the analysis of spectral data. All compounds were isolated for the first time from Crotalaria genus. Compounds 1-5 were evaluated for their antioxidant abilities by ABTS, DPPH and FRAP assays. Results showed that compounds 1-5 had moderate antioxidant activities.

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39. Progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Piper nigrum L.

Ye Chang, Yuxi Wang, Xiaoxiao Huang, Shaojiang Song

亚洲传统医药 2022, 17 (5): 212-225.

摘要（176）

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Piper nigrum L., belonging to Piper genus of the Piperaceae family, is a medicinal and edible plant. Studies have shown that there are many chemical constituents in this plant, including alkaloids, lignans, steroids and other compounds. In addition, some chemical components of P. nigrum have potential values to treat cancer, inflammation and other diseases. Research progress on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of P. nigrum was reviewed in this study to better explore its potential medicinal value.

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40. Network pharmacology-based analysis on the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effect of Curcumae Radix

Shuyan Qin, Guodong Yao

亚洲传统医药 2022, 17 (1): 9-24.

摘要（174）

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As a traditional Chinese medicine, Curcumae Radix (CR) has exhibited anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) activity. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear. In the present study, network pharmacology was utilized to reveal the mechanism of the effects of CR in HCC. The analysis of the network results showed that the active components of CR, including curcumin, naringenin, sitosterol, demethoxycurcumin, and β-elemene, were closely related to the screened hub-targets, such as AKT1, TP53, MAPK8, MAPK1, JUN, STAT3, VEGFA, MAPK3, IL6, TNF, CCND1, EP300, EGFR, and ESR1. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that these targets were associated with pathways in cancer, proteoglycans in cancer, PI3K-Akt signaling

pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, MAPK signaling pathway, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and other biological processes. The candidate active components of CR (curcumin and naringenin) prominently exhibited their antitumor effects by regulating PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, hepatitis B and hepatitis C. This study successfully predicted, explained, and confirmed the multi-component, multi-target, and multi-channel characteristics of CR, which not only gave novel insights into the pharmacological and biological molecular mechanism of CR applying to HCC disease, but also provided a feasible method for discovering potential activated compounds from Chinese herbs.

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Asian Journal of Social Pharmacy

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